Metalldetektor

Metal Detector

Metal detectors are used to detect potential metals present in various products, including food and pharmaceutical products, and play a very important role in the quality control system of packaged products.

How do metal detectors work?

Modern metal detectors are divided into two types: balanced coil systems, which are general metal detectors that use coils and electronic fields, and foil iron systems, which use strong magnetic fields to detect harmful iron-containing metallic pollutants (magnetic, iron-containing) in products.

These systems come in various models, designed for different types of production and manufacturing systems, including:

  • Conveyor system metal detectors
  • Free-fall or gravity system metal detectors
  • Piping/pump system metal detectors
  • High-performance/volume system metal detectors

The most common industrial metal detector model is the conveyor system metal detector, which can be easily integrated into any food production line due to its variety of sizes, conveyor configurations, and sensors. Pollutants can be automatically removed when detected by different contaminant removal devices.

Metal Detector

In which food industries are they used?

As mentioned, the use of metal detectors in food production lines is crucial as it helps protect consumers. These devices are used in a wide range of food industries, including:

What types of metallic contaminants do metal detectors detect?

There are three main groups of metallic contaminants that food metal detectors can detect. The table below provides comprehensive information about the types of metallic contaminants and the characteristics of each:

Ease of Detection Electrical Conductivity Magnetic Permeability Metal Type
Easy Good Magnetic Iron
Relatively Easy Good or Excellent Non-magnetic Non-ferrous (Copper, Lead, Aluminum)
Relatively Difficult Usually Poor Usually non-magnetic Stainless Steel

According to the table above, the ability of a typical metal detector used in the food industry to detect metal contaminants depends on the conductivity and magnetic permeability of the contaminants:

  • Iron contaminants are both magnetic and conductive, making them easy to detect.
  • Non-ferrous contaminants are not magnetic but are good conductors, and they are relatively easy to detect.
  • Stainless steel contaminants are typically non-magnetic and have poor electrical conductivity, making them more difficult to detect. Detection becomes even harder when the product is wet or contains a high level of salt.

If there are other types of contaminants (such as bone, plastic, glass, ceramic, or stone) that need to be identified, an X-ray inspection system for food can offer advanced detection capabilities.

Where Are Metal Detectors Installed in the Food Production Process?

Understanding the location of metal detectors in food manufacturing plants is crucial for their effective use. Metal detectors can be used throughout the food production process, but since contaminants can enter products at nearly any point along the production line, the best location for a metal detector is at the end of the production line. Installing this device in the wrong location can render it ineffective and lead to the overlooking of unwanted contamination. Inspecting raw materials, inspecting several critical control points, and performing the final inspection of finished products are essential for optimal protection of food products.

If the metal detector is used to protect machinery, it is installed directly before the relevant machine. In the case of the food industry, where consumer protection is the primary goal, multiple inspection points are important. Inspecting raw materials ensures that metal particles are separated before breaking down into smaller pieces, which makes them more difficult to detect. Inspection at critical control points (HACCP) during the production process is recommended to ensure timely detection of equipment failure (such as blade breakage).

Sensitivity of Metal Detectors

The standard detection for the final product is that all magnetic spherical particles of 2mm and all non-magnetic spherical particles of 2.5mm, as well as stainless steel spherical particles of 3.5mm, should be detected. Only detectors that meet these standards can be suitable for purchase and installation in the packaging line.

The sensitivity of metal detectors is influenced by various factors in food products. In general, the following factors impact the sensitivity of metal detectors:

  • Product Materials: High levels of salt in products like ham may cause metal detectors (due to electrical conductivity) to not respond correctly. Additionally, blood and iron in meat can also affect the sensitivity of metal detectors.
  • Product Characteristics: Metal detection in meat products can be influenced by the type of product (whole muscle or emulsion). The density of the product also has an impact when metal is present. Metal detectors will give a different signal for denser products compared to those with lower density.
  • Temperature Changes: Temperature variations in food affect the signal, even if no metal is present. This can lead to incorrect interpretation of the detected metal (for example, warm bread may produce a different signal than bread at room temperature).
  • Packaging Materials: Certain packaging materials, such as aluminum foil, can create misleading signals due to the metallic composition of the packaging materials.
  • Product Moisture: High moisture content in products like meat and dairy can weaken the metal detector signal, making it harder to detect smaller metal pieces.

Frequency of Metal Detectors

Food metal detectors in the food processing industry use a range of frequencies to detect metal contaminants in food. The optimal frequency depends on the type of metal, the position and orientation of the metal, and its shape. For example, stainless steel has little or no magnetic properties, so it requires high frequencies for detection. Multi-frequency technology is one method that allows operators to select up to five frequencies ranging from 50 kHz to 1000 kHz and quickly pass through them. This significantly increases the likelihood of detection and practically prevents contaminants from escaping.

How to Choose and Purchase the Right Metal Detector

Many food manufacturers recognize the need for food industry metal detectors at all stages of the production process. As a result, the market is expanding rapidly, leading to the production of more and more metal detectors designed specifically for various needs and purposes. With such advanced technology, the features of metal detectors are increasing, making it challenging to choose the right one. In general, metal detectors should have the following characteristics:

  • Accuracy
  • Reliability
  • Easy cleaning and disinfection
  • Simple and safe operation
  • Compatibility with the production line speed

Before selecting and purchasing a food metal detector, it’s important to know where it will be positioned in your system and how to use it effectively. Metal detectors come in a wide range of sizes, designs, and functionalities, and you can order some to match your specific needs. When purchasing a metal detector, consider the following factors:

  • Complete description of the product (or material) to be inspected, including ingredients, physical properties, and packaging descriptions in packaged products.
  • List of features and conditions at the installation site (such as compressed air and electricity).
  • Operational environment characteristics (temperature, humidity, corrosive materials, etc.).
  • Description of the process (how the product is produced where the metal detector will be installed).
  • Description of the desired controls (manual, automatic, semi-automatic).
  • Characteristics of the reject mechanism.

Increasing Quality with Metal Detectors

Given the numerous benefits that metal detectors provide for both food manufacturers and consumers, these devices ensure the following:

  • Purity of Raw Materials (Incoming Goods Inspection): Manufacturers who can accurately inspect their raw materials reduce costs associated with product defects and assess suppliers through early detection.
  • Purity of Finished Products (Final Product Inspection): In this case, customers can only receive pure, metal-free products. The number of metal-free products should always be as high as possible.
  • Protection of Production Facilities (Process Control): Production facilities can be disrupted, damaged, or even destroyed due to metal parts entering them. Equipment and machinery failures negatively impact product quality consistency and production volume.
  • Critical Control Point (Metal Foreign Bodies): A critical control point is a point in the production chain where failure to monitor creates an unacceptable health risk.

Price and Purchase of Metal Detectors from Packen

Metal detectors are a key part of food contamination control programs. When correctly chosen, installed, used, and maintained, they contribute to improved product quality and reduced waste. These diagnostic devices can identify unwanted metal contaminants in food products, ensuring the safety of consumers.

At Packen, with years of experience in manufacturing and installing high-quality metal detectors, we provide the tools and knowledge to help you purchase the most suitable metal detector for your system. Regardless of the food industry you operate in, our devices are adapted to your work environment, providing reliable data on the level of metal contamination in your food products. Trust our brand for the best and most suitable metal detectors. For device pricing and further information, contact our experts at Packen, who will guide you through the process.